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So far Author Unknown has created 331 blog entries.

When It Absolutely, Positively has to be . . . NOW?!!

November 30th, 2015|

Jeffrey T. Frederick, Ph.D. Researching Potential Jurors During Voir Dire      In many, if not most, jurisdictions, the list of potential jurors is made available to the parties at some point before the day jury selection begins. As a trial consultant, I am often called upon to conduct research on potential jurors before trial. This research consists of general Internet searches and utilizing sources like social media (e.g., Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, and Instagram), news media, publicly available databases (e.g., political contributions, parties in civil lawsuits, housing values, and other public records, etc.), and any custom databases developed specifically for the

Member (Jury) Selection in General Courts Martial

September 9th, 2013|

September 9, 2013 Jeffrey T. Frederick, Ph.D. I was recently asked by the American Society of Trial Consultants (ASTC) to guest post on their"Deliberations" blog and here is the result. IN A WORLD . . . where the convening authority selects the entire pool of potential panel members . . . where the defense and prosecution each have potentially only one peremptory challenge, even in a death penalty case . . . where challenges for cause are the only realistic method for removing potentially biased members . . . No this is not the recent movie by the same name,

See You on the Internet—Uh, I Mean, in Court: On Litigation-Based Websites

November 5th, 2012|

 November 5, 2012 Jeffrey T. Frederick, Ph.D. A relatively new strategy by litigants is to take their cases to the public, not through press conferences but through establishing a voice on the Internet. True, this is not new. Martha Stewart and Michael Jackson had websites that supported their legal cases, and former Chicago Governor Rob Blagoivich had a Facebook page. Discussions of these activities can be found in Chapter 8, Jurors and the Internet, of my book. Several interesting developments have occurred since the early days of litigant PR websites. First, getting the message out is not as cost-prohibitive as

What Is It About “Don’t Twitter” You Do Not Understand?

December 19th, 2011|

December 14, 2011 Jeffrey T. Frederick, Ph.D. A murder conviction and death penalty sentence were reversed and remanded in part because of tweets by a juror during trial. In a potentially game-changing decision, the Arkansas Supreme Court in Erickson Dimas-Martinez v. Arkansas, addressed an issue different from many other cases of Internet abuse by jurors. The issue facing the court was whether a juror's violation of the court's instruction by tweeting about the case denied the defendant a fair trial, not whether the content of the posts reflected bias or prejudice against the defendant. As such, the facts of tweeting

Did I Say That? Another Reason to Do Online Checks on Potential (and Trial) Jurors

October 13th, 2011|

October 13, 2011 Jeffrey T. Frederick, Ph.D. Sure, in highly publicized cases, we all ask potential jurors whether they have expressed an opinion to others or, perhaps, written a letter to the editor regarding the case. And we tend to rely on the answers jurors give—although I have been involved in a death penalty trial where a potential juror, as editor of a local newspaper, had "forgotten" that he had written an editorial supporting capital punishment. Fortunately, the defense attorney had a copy of the editorial. The Internet has vastly increased the opportunity for potential jurors to comment on cases

“I Know You’re Out There . . . How Attorneys Can Conduct Group Voir Dire More Effectively”

October 3rd, 2011|

Jeffrey Frederick, October 3, 2011 Most voir dire questioning of potential jurors is conducted in a group setting. This setting offers unique challenges that must be overcome to be effective in jury selection. For those who may have missed it. The Jury Expert published an article on the challenges of conducting voir dire in a group setting and how to make the most of it. This article can be read online and/or downloaded by using the following link: Ten Dynamite Tips to Improve Your Results From Group Voir Dire by Jeffrey T. Frederick, Ph.D.  (March 30, 2011)

What do jurors think of attorney voir dire questions? (September, 2011, Issue 1)

September 21st, 2011|

Jurors sometimes withhold information during voir dire. In 1994, a prospective juror refused to answer several items on her juror questionnaire, maintaining that questions about her income, religion, television and reading habits, political affiliations, and health were "very private" and irrelevant. She was cited for contempt, which a federal magistrate judge later overturned (, 891 F. Supp., 552 (E.D. Tex., 1995)). Rose (2001) investigated questions potential jurors are asked in voir dire that they feel are either unnecessary or too private...

Are jurors biased against ethnic minority attorneys? (August, 2011, Issue 4)

August 17th, 2011|

The American Bar Association reports that fewer than 10% of attorneys are minorities, with African Americans at 3.9%, Hispanics at 3.3%, and Asian Americans at less than 1%. The rate of entry into the legal profession for African Americans has slowed, and Asians are now the fastest growing minority entering the legal profession (Chambliss, 2004). Minority attorneys face jurors' biases. Cohen and Peterson...

When does “if only” thinking affect jurors’ verdicts about accidents? (August, 2011, Issue 2)

August 12th, 2011|

Our reactions to events are determined not only by what actually happened, but also by what might have happened. Jurors think about what might have happened using "if only" statements: if only a driver had been going slower, if only a worker had been wearing goggles, if only the warning label had said so, if only a company had investigated the complaint. These "if only" thoughts are called counterfactual thinking. Sometimes it is easy for jurors to engage in counterfactual thinking and imagine events occurring otherwise, and sometimes it is hard to do so. The ease with which jurors can